Comparable to some extent to coffee torrefaction, this method creates a fuel with unique characteristics. During the torrefaction process, wood is subjected to temperatures of 230☌-300☌ at atmospheric pressure without oxygen.
Thermo-chemical conversions are now used to produce fuel with even higher calorific value, utilising torrefaction or steam explosion technologies. Thanks to densification, the homogenous biomass fuel is easier to transport and can be used in automated biomass installations, such as pellet stoves and boilers. The heat during compression fuses the lignin in the biomass, naturally binding the biomass together in a new, enhanced shape. This process involves compressing biomass and lowering moisture levels to a range of 8-10%, allowing for an homogenous fuel – either in the form of pellets or briquettes. In general, moisture content in woodchips used for energy generation in municipal or industrial plants ranges between 20-30%.ĭensification is another popular way to transform woody material into an advanced fuel with high calorific value. These operations help transform biomass into homogeneous fuel that is easy to handle, with a higher energy recovery (eg. Logging, grinding, screening and drying operations are mechanical processes for enhancing solid biomass fuels.
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